Table 1, Table 2 present the . Comparatively minor amounts of BPA are also used as additives or modifiers in some commodity plastics. It is prepared by the reaction of two equivalents of phenol with one equivalent of acetone. Epoxy groups located at both ends of the molecule can undergo reactions of ring-opening, cross-linking and solidity with amines, anhydrides, and other curing agents of epoxy resins. Watch Tutorial: How to Select the Best Curing Agent for Epoxy Systems. Order: 200 kg Qingdao Cemo Technology Develop Co., Ltd. It is prepared by the reaction of two equivalents of phenol with one equivalent of acetone. Some of these studies have raised questions about the safety of ingesting the low levels of BPA that can migrate into food from food contact materials. 2010 Dec 15;199(3):372-6. j) Ferguson SA, Law CD Jr, Abshire JS. When the low-molecular-weight bisphenol A epoxy resin is continuously reacted with bisphenol A, the obtained bisphenol A epoxy resin has a high polymerization with a relative molecular mass 1400 or more. J Appl Polym Sci . FDAs regulatory Centers and FDAs National Center for Toxicological Research continue to pursue a set of studies on the fate of BPA in the body from various routes of exposure and the safety of low doses of BPA, including assessing novel endpoints where questions have been raised. Polym Adv Technol 2009; 20: 194-208. . tions of epoxy resins can be preset by the chemical structure of the resin and hardener, as well as by the . Chemical Economics Handbook. Although many studies have been performed, these often focus on a limited range of model organisms and can use BPA concentrations well beyond environmental levels. Brand Names: Not applicable . Bottle producers have largely switched from polycarbonate to polypropylene and there is some evidence that BPA exposure in infants has decreased as a result of this. [21] BPA has been investigated by public health agencies in many countries, as well as by the World Health Organization. The original approvals for BPA were issued under FDAs food additive regulations and date from the 1960s. The subchronic study was designed to characterize potential effects of BPA in a wide range of endpoints, including prostate and mammary glands, metabolic changes, and cardiovascular endpoints. Background. After their first commercial production in the late 1940s, epoxy resins comprise a wide family of materials today. Furthermore, composite . Many BPA-containing materials are non-obvious but commonly encountered,[17] and include coatings for the inside of food cans,[18] clothing designs,[19] shop receipts,[20] and dental fillings. The remaining 5% of BPA is used in a wide range of applications, many of which involve plastic. Chemical compound used in plastics manufacturing, InChI=1S/C15H16O2/c1-15(2,11-3-7-13(16)8-4-11)12-5-9-14(17)10-6-12/h3-10,16-17H,1-2H3, InChI=1/C15H16O2/c1-15(2,11-3-7-13(16)8-4-11)12-5-9-14(17)10-6-12/h3-10,16-17H,1-2H3, Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their, "Chemical Fact Sheet Cas #80057 CASRN 80-05-7", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, "Critical evaluation of key evidence on the human health hazards of exposure to bisphenol A", "Why public health agencies cannot depend on good laboratory practices as a criterion for selecting data: the case of bisphenol A", "The Estrogen Receptor Relative Binding Affinities of 188 Natural and Xenochemicals: Structural Diversity of Ligands", "Bisphenols, Benzophenones, and Bisphenol A Diglycidyl Ethers in Textiles and Infant Clothing", "Pit and fissure sealants for preventing dental decay in permanent teeth", "Bisphenol S in Food Causes Hormonal and Obesogenic Effects Comparable to or Worse than Bisphenol A: A Literature Review", " i ", "Condensationsproducte aus Ketonen und Phenolen", "The politics of plastics: the making and unmaking of bisphenol a "safety", "Synthetic strogenic Agents without the Phenanthrene Nucleus", "Molecular Structure in Relation to Oestrogenic Activity. [43][44] This is achieved by a reaction with epichlorohydrin under basic conditions. [25], In 1934, workers at I.G. In recent years, DGEBA has been used for the inner coating of packaging materials such as canned food. Bisphenol A was investigated in the 1930's during the search for synthetic estrogens. It is not a plasticizer,[11] although it is often wrongly labelled as such. Food Additives & Petitions. 2010 Sep 1;247(2):158-65. d) Doerge DR, Twaddle NC, Vanlandingham M, Brown RP, Fisher JW. Strong, shatter-resistant polycarbonate is used for helmets and protective sports visors to help protectchildren and athletes from injuries. FDA can take this action on its own initiative or in response to a food additive petition that demonstrates that a use of a food additive has been permanently and completely abandoned. [2][7] BPA is produced on an industrial scale by the condensation of phenol and acetone, and has a global production scale which is expected to reach 10 million tonnes in 2022.[8]. They are produced by the addition of - unsaturated carboxylic acids to epoxy resins. Usage: Industrial. fatty acid dimers, +undefined-86-13650506873 +undefined-86-13650506873. Is there concern that exposure to BPA can cause harm or result in serious diseases? [26] The utilization of BPA further expanded with discoveries at Bayer and General Electric on polycarbonate plastics. [7], BPA has been found to interact with a diverse range of hormone receptors, in both humans and animals. The site is secure. NIEHS sponsors and co-sponsors scientific meetings, conferences, and events throughout the year. When dropping is completed within half an hour, heat it for 12-24 hours under temperature 70-80C Stop the heating after bisphenol A is completely disappeared validated by TLC method. we live in today. PBE can be used as a reinforcing polymer on nanotubes and nanoparticles which can be useful in electronics, optical and aerospace based applications. BPA is an industrial chemical used to make a hard, clear plastic known as polycarbonate. Due to its especially thick natural consistency, there will commonly be additives and diluents which are added into the Bisphenol-A epoxy formula to enhance workability and adhesion. BPA is an important industrial chemical, which is mainly used as a raw material of polycarbonate and epoxy resin. Formula: CAS CAS: Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number . BISPHENOL A DIGLYCIDYL ETHER RESIN,25068-38-6 - Buyers Guide for Chemicals is a directory of chemicals, chemical suppliers and producers. 08-5994, September 2008. Products made from BPA meet high-performance demands. 2011 Sep 15;255(3):261-70. e) Doerge DR, Twaddle NC, Vanlandingham M, Fisher JW. Epoxy Composites: Additives for High Performance, Epoxy Resins: A to Z Technical Review of Thermosetting Polymer, Synthesis of Epoxy Monomer from Bisphenol A and Epichlorohydrin, Be the first to comment on "Epoxy Resins: A to Z Technical Review of Thermosetting Polymer", carboxyl-terminated butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer (CTBNs), Powdered metals to improve electrical and thermal conductivity, Silica for cost reduction, and strength enhancement, Talc and calcium carbonate cost reduction, Carbon and graphite powders to increase lubricity, Particle characteristics (size, share, surface area), Extremely strong and good flexural strength, The hardener and the temperature determine epoxy resin cure time, Resistant to wear, cracking, peeling, corrosion and damage from chemical and environmental degradation, Has a bonding strength of up to 2,000 psi, Generally, costs slightly less than epoxy resin, Off-gases VOCs and has strong, flammable fumes, Bonding strength of polyester resin is generally less than 500 psi, Once cured, polyester resin is water permeable, meaning water can pass through it eventually, Better adhesive properties (the ability to bond to the reinforcement or core), Superior mechanical properties (particularly strength and stiffness), Improved resistance to fatigue and micro cracking, Reduced degradation from water ingress (diminution of properties due to water penetration), Increased resistance to osmosis (surface degradation due to water permeability), Natural oil-based (soybean, linseed, castor). Reprod Toxicol. [92][101][102] Its half life in water has been estimated at between 4.5 and 15 days, degradation in the air is faster than this, while soil samples degrade more slowly. Bisphenol A is an organic synthetic compound used in formulating plastics and epoxy resin. BPA is used to make polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins that are essential to a wide variety of consumer and industrial products, including many applications important to public health and food safety. 2011 Nov 15;257(1):122-36. i) Doerge DR, Vanlandingham M, Twaddle NC, Delclos KB. It is a thermosetting resin because of the chemical activity of the epoxy group, which can be made to open the ring by a variety of compounds containing active hydrogen and . Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) can be called a small-molecule adhesive. General description. Polycarbonate plastic is used to make hard plastic items, such as baby bottles, re-useable water bottles, food containers, pitchers, tableware and other storage containers. Thanks to their high strength, versatility, and excellent adhesion to a variety of surfaces, epoxy resins have gained wide acceptance in diverse applications (coatings, electrical, casting resins, composites, etc.). . Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. Learn how outdoors and chemistry work together. The studies reviewed were published or available from November 1, 2009 to July 23, 2013. It belongs to the phenol class of aromatic organic compounds. A resource for kids, parents, and teachers to find fun and educational materials related to health, science, and the environment from modified natural oils and Bisphenol A or Bisphenol A-based epoxy resins. Uses of all substances that migrate from packaging into food, including BPA, are subject to premarket approval by FDA as indirect food additives or food contact substances. 2011 Nov;124(1):149-60. k) He Z, Paule MG, Ferguson SA. FDAs Studies. [96] The solubility of BPA in water is low (~300g/ton of water)[2] but this is still sufficient to make it a significant means of distribution into the environment. It is a colourless solid which is soluble in most common organic solvents, but has very poor solubility in water. As an addition to this core study, FDA is providing extra animals and tissues to a consortium of grantees [8] selected and funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences to address other critical questions. Dianin in 1891. [90] This may be the mechanism by which BPA acts as a xenoestrogen. It is classified as a bisphenol, and a close molecular analog of Bisphenol A (BPA). Bisphenol F (BPF) based epoxy resins are more flexible than that of BPA-based epoxies. Products like bike helmets, police shields, reading glasses and bullet-proof glass are all shatter resistant because of BPA. BPA can be found in a range of products, such as: plastic food storage containers, including: pitchers. Epoxy resin, on the other hand, has been of substantial significance to engineering for many decades. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical used to make polycarbonate plastic. An amendment of the food additive regulations based on abandonment is not based on safety, but is based on the fact that the regulatory authorization is no longer necessary for the specific use of the food additive because that use has been permanently and completely abandoned. The 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found detectable levels of BPA in 93% of 2517 urine samples from people six years and older. :30583-72-3 Molecular formula:C18H33ClO3 Molecular weight: 332.91 Appearance:Colorless liquid Assay 60% Hydrogenated Bisphenol A Epoxy Resin Specification: Hydrogenated Bisphenol A Epoxy Resin Application [48] BPA is a major component of several high-performance plastics, the production of these is low compared to other plastics but still equals several thousand tons a year. 40:35-40. 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This orphan receptor (endogenous ligand unknown) behaves as a constitutive activator of transcription. Chemical Formula . Pharmacokinetics of bisphenol A in serum and adipose tissue following intravenous administration to adult female CD-1 mice. Dynamic mechanical experiments have been conducted on an epoxy system made with tetraglycidyl 4,4-diaminodiphenyl methane (TGDDM) and polyglycidyl ether of Bisphenol A Novalac that were cured. Bisphenol S (BPS) is an organic compound with the formula (HOC 6 H 4) 2 SO 2.It has two phenol functional groups on either side of a sulfonyl group. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2014 May;139(1):4-20. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu021. Polycarbonate plastic used in automobiles helps make cars lighter and more fuel-efficient while maintaining safety. In the United States, FDA is the agency charged with this review for food contact applications. Developmental treatment with bisphenol A or ethinyl estradiol causes few alterations on early preweaning measures. [12] While normal exposure is below the level currently associated with risk, several jurisdictions have taken steps to reduce exposure on a precautionary basis, in particular by banning BPA from baby bottles. Transfer to a pear-shaped separatory funnel to separate the liquid, continue washing and separating with deionized water until the solution turns to neutral from alkaline. [4] http://www.regulations.gov/document/FDA-2010-N-0100-0006. While there have been many hundreds of studies on BPA, none has shown a direct cause-and-effect relationship between BPA and any human health effects. All rights reserved, 2,2-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(4,1-phenyleneoxymethylene)]bis[oxirane],homopoly, 4,4-(1-methylthylidene)bisphenol,polymerwith2,2-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(, Poly(Bisphenol A-co-epichlorohydrin) average Mw ~40,000, pellets, 4-(1-methylethylidene)bisphenol,-polymerwith(chloromethyl)oxirane, bis(4,1-phenyleneoxymethylene)]bis[oxirane], diglycidyletherofbisphenola-basedepoxyresins,lowmolecularweight, lowmolecularweightliquiddgebpa-basedepoxyresins, lowmolecularweightsoliddgebpa-basedepoxyresins, Phenol,4,4-(1-methylethylidene)bis-,polymerwith(chloromethyl)oxirane, phenol,4,4-isopropylidenedi-,dimerwith1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane, phenol,4,4-isopropylidenedi-,monomerwith1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane, phenol,4,4-isopropylidenedi-,polymerwith1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane, phenol,4,4-isopropylidenedi-,tetramerwith1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane, 2,2-Bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)propane-epichlorohydrin condensate, 2,2-Bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)propane-epichlorohydrin copolymer, 2,2-Bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)propane-epichlorohydrin polymer, 2,2-Diphenylolpropane-epichlorohydrin polymer, 4,4'-ISOPROPYLIDENEDIPHENOL/EPICHLOROHYDRIN COPOLYMER, 4,4-ISOPROPYLIDENEDIPHENOLEPICHLOROHYDRINRESIN, PHENOL44METHYLETHYLIDENEBISPOLYMERWITHCHLOROMETHYLOXIRANE, Reaktionsprodukt aus Bisphenol-A oder -F mit Epichlorhydrin (Molekulargewicht <700, Gehalt an freiem Epichlorhydrin <20 ppm, nicht in R40 oder R45 eingestuft), reaction product: bisphenol-A-(epichlorhydrin) epoxy resin (number average molecular weight 700), bisphenol A/ epichlorohydrin resin, solid, bisphenol A/ epichlorohydrin resin, liquid, BISPHENOL A DIGLYCIDYL ETHER RESIN structure, EPICHLOROHYDRIN-4,4'ISOPROPYLIDENEDIPHENOL RESIN, Bisphenol A epichlorohydrin polymer (25068-38-6), P201-P273-P280-P305+P351+P338-P310-P333+P313-P337+P313-P391, 36/38-43-51/53-42/43-63-62-36/37-20/21/22-45-23/24/25, BISPHENOL A DIGLYCIDYL ETHER RESIN Suppliers, BISPHENOL A DIGLYCIDYL ETHER RESIN(25068-38-6)FT-IR, TRIS(2,2,6,6-TETRAMETHYL-3,5-HEPTANEDIONATO)EUROPIUM(III), 4-[1-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol, 4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol: 2-methyloxirane, 4-[1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol, Phenol, 4,4-(1-methylethylidene)bis-, polymer with (chloromethyl)oxirane, monoesters with C18-unsatd. 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And protective sports visors to help protectchildren and athletes from injuries F BPF! Belongs to the phenol class bisphenol a epoxy resin chemical formula aromatic organic compounds preset by the reaction of two equivalents of phenol one. The 1960s 2009 to July 23, 2013 and protective sports visors to help protectchildren athletes.