. . . / eathebook ! - ., 2. (..). The first subject of study for the child is the set of Geez letters, known as the Fidel. On such tables the number of the letters and the forms in the seven orders remain the same, but the place of the characters is changed or mixed up, so that the child cannot depend only on his memory and the sequence in which he has memorized the characters. The leading teachers and scholars of the church, who are known as Debtera, are trained in the higher school. In the afternoon the session or Gubae takes place again. A graduate of the Metsehaf Bet enjoys high prestige as a scholar and can take a high post in the Church hierarchy, such as head of a monastery (Gedam) or a large church (Debre). The teacher or an advance student recites to the pupil sentence by sentence or verse-by-verse the standard prayer the child has to memorize. This is particularly important for those students who plan to continue on the higher learning, since passages from the Psalms are used frequently in the hymns and poems of the church. 2. This exercise is repeated for months or every a couple of years, until the boy knows the main prayers by heart. b) Quene Bet and (Poetry school) Gradually the pupil masters the art of good reading. A student is considered ready when he has mastered the complicated genre of qen. In their present form the church schools evolved during the golden age of the Church from the 13th to the 16th centuries when the literature of the Church had reached its peak. One of the group reads a sentence or a phrase. After some time the group goes again to the teacher and reads the same text and again comments on it. = , 8 - () = - - . Their functions are extending rather to teaching, writing, ritual music, poetry, dances, painting, and administration of the church. The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church had been administratively part of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria from the first half of the 4th century until 1959, when it was granted autocephaly with its own patriarch by Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria, Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church. The same process is repeated for several days or even months. The daily life in the Qne bet basically consists of hours of independent work, when the students memorize and ana- lyse famous qne, learn vocabularies and try to compose qne of their own; and sessions where they recite their poems in front of the teacher and other students receiving the most profound critical evaluation of their work, accept from the teacher lessons and work on them etc. After repeating the entire book of Psalms several times using Wurdnebab, he continues reading for months, even over a year, using the Qum-Nebab reading method. The teacher either accepts the verses or the offers critical comments and sends the student back for further meditation, students come at intervals to the teacher to recite in the manner. According to the Church Office there are about 15,000 churches in Ethiopia. The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church has crucial role to disseminate traditional ancient educational system of Ethiopia to read Old and New Testaments in Ge'ez since Axumite period in 330 AD. Low and deep voice. Usually, there is no financial support for the students who must earn their living by begging and occasional works. . Ancient chanted liturgy with congregation participating with clapping, ululation and rhythmic movements has been retained from that era. Deggwa, Ethiopian antiphons, in particular are of much later origin, dating from the second half of the 16th century. . These are most widespread but there are other forms, e.g. It has been expounded by the fathers of the Church both in the . = , 21. He has the opportunity to discuss the theme given, which challenges his intellect. = , 3. = , 3. The lessons advance in this manner day after day until the student finishes the fixed text of the hymn and knows it by heart. [ ], 3 - = , 4 - . = , 8. Most studies conclude that there has been impressive consistency since the 1500s. Regional varieties may have become standardized over time, and more symbols and segments of music have become available for composers. The majority of the Debtera are laymen, and as such they are not allowed to serve in the mass and the administration of sacraments. Last Checked: 01/18/2023. ? Abinet Timhert bet Ethiopian Orthodox's Traditional School kibreQidusan Medhanealem EOTC 2.12K subscribers Subscribe 9 Share 634 views 2 years ago Show more Show. . The teaching method allows the boy free activities and movements as illustrated below. . . Ethiopia is, after all, the only African country to have preserved Christianity as its religion for over a millennium and a half. .. = , 28. = , 4. . Nibezhu ( 3 long verses), Sellassie ( 6 verses), Zeyieze ( 5 or 6 verses), Kibryieti ( 4 verses), Itane Mogar ( 7 or 11 verses) and Mewadis ( 8 verses). [4] It has been suggested by Monneret de Villard that liturgical dance, that always accompanies the music, has its origins in the Ancient Egyptian dance. . = , 30 . We find the Nebab Bet in practically all churches and monasteries, in a number of villages and in the compounds of well-to-do landlords. raider. = , 1. [ ], 9. When the teacher feels that his pupil has mastered this stage, he leads him to Wurdnebab. [1] The related musical notation is known as melekket. The resulting high morale in the school community helps the individual student to adapt himself to the hard work. . Humming at the lowest range of the male voice. Besides this, the student is attracted by the adventurous and romantic life of a begging and wondering student, about whom much is spoken and fabulous stories are told. When he has composed his Qene verse after the model assigned to him by the teacher, he then approaches the teacher, who sits for the most part of the day at a place known to all. Since the pupils do not understand the texts, the memorization drills are very exacting in energy and time. Online Status. In spite of the monotony of the learning and teaching methods and the exacting length of time, the students show surprisingly high morale. Refresh. = , 24 - .= , 25 - . a) Fidel Instruction 2003-Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church -, 1 - () = , 19 = , 2 () = , 20 = ( ) , 3 - , 21 = ( ) , 4 - () = , 22 = () , 5 - () = , 23 = () , 6 = , 24 = ( ) , 7 () = , 25 = ( ) , 8 = , 26 = , 9 = , 27 = ( ) , 10 = , 28 = ( ) , 11 = , 29 = ( ) - , 12 = , 30 = ( ) - , 13 = ( ) = , 31 = ( ) - , 14 = , 32 = , 15 = , 33 = ( ) - , 16 = , 34 = () - , 17 = , 35 = () - , 18 ' = ( ) . All depends on the availability of books. These are the only members of the clergy who are allowed to celebrate the mass and administer sacraments. C) Reading the Psalms Generally, the approach to reality is well mixed with mythical attitudes. 2003-Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church -, 1. = , 08. Senne 04 (June 11) | The Ethiopian Synaxarium, Senne 03 (June 10) | The Ethiopian Synaxarium, Senne 02 (June 09) | The Ethiopian Synaxarium, Senne 01 (June 08) | The Ethiopian Synaxarium, Ginbot 30 (June 07) | The Ethiopian Synaxarium. = , 05. What is the process of training and what is offered in the higher schools? The place of instruction is usually a communal hut near the teachers dwelling known as the Mahber Bet, or simply in the open or under a tree. .. = , 20. Usually the child learns the whole set of letters in sequence by heart, so that in reality he may not be able to distinguish on letter from the other. He repeats this for months. ( . ) . The church school system, which is one of the oldest in Christendom, originated in the Aksumite Kingdom with the introduction of Christianity about the 4th century. .hide-if-no-js { . = , 22. Contact-us . c) Metsehaf Bet which again have different subdivisions. The student has to learn each sentence of the commentary by heart. = , 28. To specialize in Qene so as to be a teacher in a higher school, the student must attend several schools and study more branches of Qene, which means studying and wandering for some years more. He can then practice reading different religious texts. The priests and Church scholars who are the bearers and propagators of traditional learning have themselves been formed in the church school system that we propose to examine in some detail. : 1: - - - , . The Qne bet ( house of the qne) is a stage of the traditional church education in the Ethiopian OrthodoxTwahdoChurch. The web value rate of . = , 6. ( ) = , 1.. The teacher is usually engaged in some individual work such as reading, copying a manuscript, or even doing some handwork. . This memorization of the commentary of the books exacts many years of exercise and labour, which the adult student is ready to accept. = [ .. ], 3. This role is encouraged by the shortage of places in government schools and the consequent preference given to children who can already read and write. () - ., 10. = . Students at Yared School of Music, Addis Ababa University, playing Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Yaredawi Song . In these specialized branches the students learns the traditions of the Church, theology, Church history and laws, through the interpretation of the various individual writings. . The teacher either approves and gives the student a new assignment or orders further practice on the same text. Some of the pupils who complete the Nebab Bet join a Qedasse School, one of the schools are the liturgy. = , 14. Its graduates become cantors of Ethiopian Orthodox (Twado) Church. The long monastic tradition dates beck to the fifth century and the significant role of monasticism in the diffusion of Christian learning during the mediaeval period has been described in an earlier chapter. The number and the kind of books the student has to read at this stage is not standardized. The large number of characters (33 in 7 orders) with the differences and irregularities of the related sets are not easily grasped by the beginner. a) Zema Bet (Music school) If he is not satisfied, he can leave the school and look for another one. . . = , 06. It is accessible to students who have completed the nbab bet and, as a rule, the qddase bet. }, Designed by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress. For, in spite of the inevitable changes taking place in Ethiopia with the steady expansion of modern secular education in the present century, church schools still play an active part in the Ethiopian educational scene. The church schools that have been described above provide the continuation of traditional education in Ethiopia. Been impressive consistency since the 1500s as the Fidel adapt himself to the schools. Child has to read at this stage is not satisfied, he leads him to Wurdnebab either ethiopian orthodox zema bet and the! 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